Are you planning to install a trolling motor on your boat and wondering what size wire for trolling motor?
The wire size needed depends on the voltage, current draw, and wire run length.
In this article, we will provide you with a quick guide on how to select the perfect wire size for your trolling motor. We will also explore the different factors that determine the ideal wire size for your trolling motor.
What Size Wire Do You Need for a Trolling Motor?
For a trolling motor in the short runs, a 10-gauge wire is suitable for motors drawing 30-45 amps, and an 8-gauge is suitable for those drawing 45-50 amps. The length of the wire and the amperage of the motor can alter the size of the wire needed.
Trolling Motor Wire Size Chart:
| Voltage | Distance | Current Draw | Wire Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12V | 5ft | 30A | 10 AWG |
| 12V | 10ft | 30A | 10 AWG |
| 12V | 15ft | 30A | 8 AWG |
| 12V | 20ft | 30A | 6 AWG |
| 12V | 25ft | 30A | 4 AWG |
| 24V | 5ft | 42A | 10 AWG |
| 24V | 10ft | 42A | 10 AWG |
| 24V | 15ft | 42A | 8 AWG |
| 24V | 20ft | 42A | 8 AWG |
| 24V | 25ft | 42A | 6 AWG |
Types of Wires Used in Trolling Motors
There are two main types of wires used in trolling motors: copper wires and aluminum wires. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages.
Copper Wires
- Advantages: Copper wires are highly conductive, which means they can carry more current than aluminum wires of the same size. They are also more flexible and easier to work with.
- Disadvantages: Copper wires are more expensive than aluminum wires and can corrode over time if not properly maintained.
Aluminum Wires
- Advantages: Aluminum wires are less expensive than copper wires and are lightweight, making them easier to handle.
- Disadvantages: Aluminum wires are less conductive than copper wires, which means they need to be larger in size to carry the same amount of current. They are also more brittle and can break more easily.
Coated vs. Non-Coated Wires
- Advantages: Coated wires have an additional layer of insulation that protects them from corrosion and other environmental factors.
- Disadvantages: Coated wires can be more difficult to work with because the coating needs to be stripped before making connections.
How to Measure the Right Wire Size for Your Trolling Motor
Measuring the right wire size for your trolling motor is important to ensure optimal performance and safety. Here are the steps you can follow to determine the appropriate wire size for your trolling motor:
Step 1: Determine the Voltage of Your Trolling Motor
The voltage of your trolling motor will affect the wire size you need. Higher voltage systems generally require smaller wire sizes than lower voltage systems because of reduced current draw.
Step 2: Measure the Distance Between the Battery and Motor
The distance between your trolling motor and battery will also affect the wire size you need. The longer the distance, the larger the wire size you need to account for voltage drop.
Step 3: Check the Current Draw of Your Motor
The current draw of your trolling motor is another important factor to consider when choosing a wire size. The higher the current draw, the larger the wire size you will need to ensure minimal voltage drop and prevent overheating.
Step 4: Consult Manufacturer’s Guides or Use Online Calculators
Consult manufacturer’s guides or use online calculators to determine the appropriate wire size based on these factors.
Make sure to enter accurate information to get reliable results.
Example
Let’s say you have a 24V trolling motor and the distance between the battery and motor is 15ft. The current draw of your motor is 42A.
Using an online calculator or consulting a manufacturer’s guide, you can determine that the appropriate wire size for this setup would be 8 AWG.
This wire size will ensure minimal voltage drop and prevent overheating, allowing your trolling motor to perform at its best.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Wire Size for Your Trolling Motor
When choosing a wire size for your trolling motor, there are several factors you should consider to ensure optimal performance and safety. Here are some important factors to keep in mind:
Voltage of the Trolling Motor
The voltage of your trolling motor will affect the wire size you need.
Higher voltage systems generally require smaller wire sizes than lower voltage systems because of reduced current draw.
Distance from Battery to Motor
The distance between your trolling motor and battery will also affect the wire size you need. The longer the distance, the larger the wire size you need to account for voltage drop.
Current Draw of the Motor
The current draw of your trolling motor is another important factor to consider when choosing a wire size.
The higher the current draw, the larger the wire size you will need to ensure minimal voltage drop and prevent overheating.
Safety Concerns
Choosing an inadequate wire size can result in overheating risks and electrical shock risks.
Make sure to choose a wire size that can safely handle the current draw of your trolling motor.
Installation Complexity
The complexity of installing a wire can vary depending on its size and type.
Make sure to choose a wire that is easy to install and maintain.
Cost and Budget
The cost of a wire can vary depending on its size, type, and quality.
Consider your budget when choosing a wire size, but remember that investing in a high-quality wire can save you money in the long run by reducing maintenance costs.
Quality and Durability
Choosing a high-quality and durable wire can save you money in the long run by reducing maintenance costs.
Look for wires that are made from high-quality materials and have a good reputation for durability.
Environmental Conditions
The environmental conditions where you will be using your trolling motor can affect your choice of wire size.
For example, saltwater use may require a different wire size than freshwater use because of increased corrosion risks.
Best Practices for Wire Installation and Maintenance on Trolling Motor
Installing and maintaining the wires for your trolling motor is important to ensure optimal performance and safety. Here are some best practices you can follow to keep your trolling motor running smoothly:
Installation Guidelines
Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for wire size, circuit breaker sizing, and battery selection.
Use a Circuit Breaker or Fuse
It is highly recommended to use a circuit breaker or fuse when installing a trolling motor to protect against electrical shorts and overloads.
Battery Management
Batteries should be stored and maintained at full charge to prevent premature battery failure.
Disconnect Motor When Not in Use
For safety reasons, disconnect the motor from the battery or batteries when the motor is not in use or while the battery/batteries are being charged.
Connection Maintenance
Loose battery connections can result in reduced performance and overheating. Make sure to keep all battery post connections tight to the battery terminals.
Install Battery in a Ventilated Compartment
Batteries should be installed in a ventilated compartment to prevent the buildup of dangerous gases. Copper is more conductive than aluminum wires and can carry more current.
Frequency of Replacing Wires
The frequency of replacing wires for a trolling motor depends on several factors, including the quality and durability of the wires and environmental conditions.
FAQs About Wire Sizing for Trolling Motors
Is thicker wire always better for trolling motors?
No, thicker wire is not always better for trolling motors.
The appropriate wire size depends on several factors, including the voltage of the motor, the distance between the battery and motor, and the current draw of the motor.
What are the signs of using an inadequate wire size?
Signs of using an inadequate wire size include overheating, melting insulation, and reduced performance of the trolling motor.
Can I extend the wire length for my trolling motor?
Yes, you can extend the wire length for your trolling motor.
But you need to ensure that the wire size is appropriate for the increased distance.
Does the wire material affect the trolling motor’s performance?
Yes, the wire material can affect the performance of a trolling motor.
Copper wires are more conductive than aluminum wires and can carry more current.
How often should I replace the wires for my trolling motor?
The frequency of replacing wires for a trolling motor depends on several factors, including the quality and durability of the wires and environmental conditions.
Conclusion
Choosing the right wire size for your trolling motor is crucial for its performance and longevity. Factors such as voltage, distance from battery to motor, and current draw should be considered when selecting a wire size.
Following best practices for wire installation and maintenance can also help ensure optimal performance. Remember to always consult the manufacturer’s guidelines and use online calculators or charts to determine the appropriate wire size for your needs.
